FAQ-For men - IVF | ICU | ICSI | OI/TI

Semen analysis is a test to evaluate a man’s sperm. It is performed by collecting a semen sample and examining it under a microscope. The analysis checks factors like sperm count, motility (movement), and morphology (shape). Normal semen analysis does not completely rule out male factor infertility.

Varicocele is a condition where the veins in the scrotum become enlarged, similar to varicose veins. It can lead to increased testicular temperature and impaired blood flow, which may negatively impact sperm production, quality, and motility. Treating a varicocele can sometimes improve sperm parameters and fertility in affected individuals. Varicocele is more commonly detected in infertile males but can be seen in fertile males also.

Testicular injuries can affect fertility by damaging the testicles and disrupting sperm production. Injuries may lead to scarring or blockages in the reproductive ducts, reducing the number and quality of sperm. Severe injuries could result in permanent damage, making it difficult for affected men to father children naturally.

Mumps can have a negative impact on male fertility. The mumps virus can affect the testicles, causing a condition called orchitis, which leads to inflammation and potential damage to the testes. This can result in reduced sperm production, lower sperm quality, and, in severe cases, infertility. Vaccination can help prevent mumps and its potential effects on fertility.

Yes, hormonal imbalances can affect sperm production. Hormones like FSH, testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) play crucial roles in sperm production (spermatogenesis). Imbalances in these hormones, often caused by issues with the pituitary gland or testes, can lead to reduced sperm production, poor sperm quality, and infertility in men. Treating the underlying hormonal issues may improve fertility outcomes.

Some medications, like anabolic steroids and certain antifungal drugs, may reduce sperm production or motility. Chemotherapy and radiation therapies used to treat cancer can also harm sperm cells, leading to temporary or permanent infertility. It’s essential to discuss potential side effects with a healthcare provider before starting any treatment.

Yes, exposure to environmental toxins can affect male fertility. Toxins like pesticides, heavy metals, and chemicals in the environment can interfere with sperm production and quality. Occupational exposure to certain toxins in industries like manufacturing and agriculture may also impact male fertility. Reducing exposure to such toxins can help protect fertility.

A history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can affect male fertility. Some STIs, like chlamydia and gonorrhea , can cause inflammation and scarring in the reproductive system, leading to blockages in the sperm ducts and reduced sperm quality. Early detection and proper treatment of STIs are essential to protect male fertility.